There are a lot of well-established companies that have been doing business for years, or even generations. But this business is usually local. Both suppliers and customers are local, and obviously, the governing law is local. And if the business is international, the agreements stipulate how problems shall be solved.

However, the new forms of communication and diffusion of products and services via the Internet make e-commerce an international trade, and in many cases the Terms and Conditions are not clear. Therefore, problems typical of the international trade in relation with private law often arise: i.e. “In which state do I bring proceedings?” or “Which law is to be applied to solve disputes?”